Harnessing Artificial Intelligence: Innovative Approaches to Managing Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the management of sickle cell disease (SCD), as it provides innovative solutions for early diagnosis, treatment and personalized care. Early detection of SCD is important in prevention of and improvement of patient outcomes. The research utilized a systematic and qualitative literature review method, which includes evaluating and contrasting pertinent authors and their results. The PRISMA guidelines were closely followed. The search strategy incorporated the research objectives and established and inclusion criteria for identifying relevant existing studies. The review examined articles on innovative management approaches for sickle cell disease, including both qualitative and quantitative studies. Inclusion criteria required outcomes related to diagnosis, prediction, or monitoring of the disease. Excluded studies were those not specifically about sickle cell disease, lacking AI-based models, unpublished in peer-reviewed sources, or with inadequate data and unclear methodology, as well as those focusing on other hematological disorders. Results revealed that AI-driven models significantly enhance the diagnosis, prediction and monitoring of SCD. AI and machine learning models identified sickle cells in blood smears with 84% to 98% accuracy, exceeding 99% with ensemble models. CRISPR-Cas9 therapies showed promise in restoring red blood cell function in ongoing trials. Wearable devices recorded 83% to 92% accuracy in predicting vaso-occlusive crises. Precision medicine models improved fetal hemoglobin levels to 30–40%. AI integration in SCD management improves risk stratification and personalized care. It facilitates SCD progression monitoring via real-time data and predictive analytics. Investment in AI technologies is essential for diagnosis enhancement, while regulatory bodies must ensure safe use, and researchers should refine tools for patient monitoring. The research will be of particular interest to technology developers and innovators working in the healthcare sector. This study will be important to scholars as they would better understand AI, medicine and healthcare innovation.